为我的Web应用程序制作自定义右键单击上下文菜单

我有几个网站,如谷歌文档和地图任务,当你右键单击自定义下拉菜单。 不知何故,他们覆盖了浏览器的下拉菜单的行为,现在我确定他们是如何做到的。 我发现了一个jQuery插件 ,但我仍然对以下几件事感到好奇:

  • 这个怎么用? 浏览器的下拉菜单是否被覆盖,或者只是模拟的效果? 如果是这样,怎么样?
  • 插件抽象掉了什么? 幕后发生了什么?
  • 这是达到这个效果的唯一方法吗?

定制上下文菜单图像

查看几个正在运行的自定义上下文菜单

我知道这个问题很老,但是只是提出了同样的问题,并自己解决,所以我正在回答,以防万一有人通过谷歌find这个问题。 我基于@ Andrew的解决scheme,但基本上修改了一切。

编辑 :看到最近这是多么受欢迎,我决定也更新样式,使其看起来更像2014年,而不像Windows 95.我修复了@Quantico和@Trengot错误发现,所以现在这是一个更稳定的答案。

编辑2 :我设置StackSnippets,因为它们是一个非常酷的新function。 我把这个好的jsfiddle留在这里供参考(点击第四个面板看他们的工作)。

新的堆栈片段:

// JAVASCRIPT (jQuery) // Trigger action when the contexmenu is about to be shown $(document).bind("contextmenu", function (event) { // Avoid the real one event.preventDefault(); // Show contextmenu $(".custom-menu").finish().toggle(100). // In the right position (the mouse) css({ top: event.pageY + "px", left: event.pageX + "px" }); }); // If the document is clicked somewhere $(document).bind("mousedown", function (e) { // If the clicked element is not the menu if (!$(e.target).parents(".custom-menu").length > 0) { // Hide it $(".custom-menu").hide(100); } }); // If the menu element is clicked $(".custom-menu li").click(function(){ // This is the triggered action name switch($(this).attr("data-action")) { // A case for each action. Your actions here case "first": alert("first"); break; case "second": alert("second"); break; case "third": alert("third"); break; } // Hide it AFTER the action was triggered $(".custom-menu").hide(100); }); 
 /* CSS3 */ /* The whole thing */ .custom-menu { display: none; z-index: 1000; position: absolute; overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid #CCC; white-space: nowrap; font-family: sans-serif; background: #FFF; color: #333; border-radius: 5px; padding: 0; } /* Each of the items in the list */ .custom-menu li { padding: 8px 12px; cursor: pointer; list-style-type: none; transition: all .3s ease; user-select: none; } .custom-menu li:hover { background-color: #DEF; } 
 <!-- HTML --> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.10.1/jquery.js"></script> <ul class='custom-menu'> <li data-action="first">First thing</li> <li data-action="second">Second thing</li> <li data-action="third">Third thing</li> </ul> <!-- Not needed, only for making it clickable on StackOverflow --> Right click me 

正如Adrian所说,插件将以同样的方式工作。 有三个基本的部分你将需要:

1: 'contextmenu'事件的事件处理程序:

 $(document).bind("contextmenu", function(event) { event.preventDefault(); $("<div class='custom-menu'>Custom menu</div>") .appendTo("body") .css({top: event.pageY + "px", left: event.pageX + "px"}); }); 

在这里,您可以将事件处理程序绑定到您想要显示菜单的任何select器。 我select了整个文件。

2: 'click'事件的事件处理程序(closures自定义菜单):

 $(document).bind("click", function(event) { $("div.custom-menu").hide(); }); 

3:CSS来控制菜单的位置:

 .custom-menu { z-index:1000; position: absolute; background-color:#C0C0C0; border: 1px solid black; padding: 2px; } 

CSS的重要之处在于包含z-indexposition: absolute

把所有这些都包装在一个漂亮的jQuery插件中并不难。

你可以在这里看到一个简单的演示: http : //jsfiddle.net/andrewwhitaker/fELma/

 <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Right Click</title> <link href="https://swisnl.github.io/jQuery-contextMenu/dist/jquery.contextMenu.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.3/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="https://swisnl.github.io/jQuery-contextMenu/dist/jquery.contextMenu.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="https://swisnl.github.io/jQuery-contextMenu/dist/jquery.ui.position.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </head> <body> <span class="context-menu-one" style="border:solid 1px black; padding:5px;">Right Click Me</span> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function() { $.contextMenu({ selector: '.context-menu-one', callback: function(key, options) { var m = "clicked: " + key; window.console && console.log(m) || alert(m); }, items: { "edit": {name: "Edit", icon: "edit"}, "cut": {name: "Cut", icon: "cut"}, copy: {name: "Copy", icon: "copy"}, "paste": {name: "Paste", icon: "paste"}, "delete": {name: "Delete", icon: "delete"}, "sep1": "---------", "quit": {name: "Quit", icon: function(){ return 'context-menu-icon context-menu-icon-quit'; }} } }); $('.context-menu-one').on('click', function(e){ console.log('clicked', this); }) }); </script> </body> </html> 

浏览器的上下文菜单正在被覆盖。 没有办法在任何主要浏览器中增加本机上下文菜单。

由于插件正在创build自己的菜单,真正被抽象的部分是浏览器的上下文菜单事件。 该插件根据您的configuration创build一个html菜单,然后将该内容放置在您点击的位置。

是的,这是创build自定义上下文菜单的唯一方法。 显然,不同的插件做的事情略有不同,但是它们都会覆盖浏览器的事件,并将他们自己的基于html的菜单放在正确的位置。

这里是一个在javascript中右击上下文菜单的例子: 右键单击上下文菜单

使用原始javascript代码进行上下文菜单function。 你可以请检查一下,希望这会帮助你。

现场代码:

 (function() { "use strict"; /*********************************************** Context Menu Function Only ********************************/ function clickInsideElement( e, className ) { var el = e.srcElement || e.target; if ( el.classList.contains(className) ) { return el; } else { while ( el = el.parentNode ) { if ( el.classList && el.classList.contains(className) ) { return el; } } } return false; } function getPosition(e) { var posx = 0, posy = 0; if (!e) var e = window.event; if (e.pageX || e.pageY) { posx = e.pageX; posy = e.pageY; } else if (e.clientX || e.clientY) { posx = e.clientX + document.body.scrollLeft + document.documentElement.scrollLeft; posy = e.clientY + document.body.scrollTop + document.documentElement.scrollTop; } return { x: posx, y: posy } } // Your Menu Class Name var taskItemClassName = "thumb"; var contextMenuClassName = "context-menu",contextMenuItemClassName = "context-menu__item",contextMenuLinkClassName = "context-menu__link", contextMenuActive = "context-menu--active"; var taskItemInContext, clickCoords, clickCoordsX, clickCoordsY, menu = document.querySelector("#context-menu"), menuItems = menu.querySelectorAll(".context-menu__item"); var menuState = 0, menuWidth, menuHeight, menuPosition, menuPositionX, menuPositionY, windowWidth, windowHeight; function initMenuFunction() { contextListener(); clickListener(); keyupListener(); resizeListener(); } /** * Listens for contextmenu events. */ function contextListener() { document.addEventListener( "contextmenu", function(e) { taskItemInContext = clickInsideElement( e, taskItemClassName ); if ( taskItemInContext ) { e.preventDefault(); toggleMenuOn(); positionMenu(e); } else { taskItemInContext = null; toggleMenuOff(); } }); } /** * Listens for click events. */ function clickListener() { document.addEventListener( "click", function(e) { var clickeElIsLink = clickInsideElement( e, contextMenuLinkClassName ); if ( clickeElIsLink ) { e.preventDefault(); menuItemListener( clickeElIsLink ); } else { var button = e.which || e.button; if ( button === 1 ) { toggleMenuOff(); } } }); } /** * Listens for keyup events. */ function keyupListener() { window.onkeyup = function(e) { if ( e.keyCode === 27 ) { toggleMenuOff(); } } } /** * Window resize event listener */ function resizeListener() { window.onresize = function(e) { toggleMenuOff(); }; } /** * Turns the custom context menu on. */ function toggleMenuOn() { if ( menuState !== 1 ) { menuState = 1; menu.classList.add( contextMenuActive ); } } /** * Turns the custom context menu off. */ function toggleMenuOff() { if ( menuState !== 0 ) { menuState = 0; menu.classList.remove( contextMenuActive ); } } function positionMenu(e) { clickCoords = getPosition(e); clickCoordsX = clickCoords.x; clickCoordsY = clickCoords.y; menuWidth = menu.offsetWidth + 4; menuHeight = menu.offsetHeight + 4; windowWidth = window.innerWidth; windowHeight = window.innerHeight; if ( (windowWidth - clickCoordsX) < menuWidth ) { menu.style.left = (windowWidth - menuWidth)-0 + "px"; } else { menu.style.left = clickCoordsX-0 + "px"; } // menu.style.top = clickCoordsY + "px"; if ( Math.abs(windowHeight - clickCoordsY) < menuHeight ) { menu.style.top = (windowHeight - menuHeight)-0 + "px"; } else { menu.style.top = clickCoordsY-0 + "px"; } } function menuItemListener( link ) { var menuSelectedPhotoId = taskItemInContext.getAttribute("data-id"); console.log('Your Selected Photo: '+menuSelectedPhotoId) var moveToAlbumSelectedId = link.getAttribute("data-action"); if(moveToAlbumSelectedId == 'remove'){ console.log('You Clicked the remove button') }else if(moveToAlbumSelectedId && moveToAlbumSelectedId.length > 7){ console.log('Clicked Album Name: '+moveToAlbumSelectedId); } toggleMenuOff(); } initMenuFunction(); })(); 
 /* For Body Padding and content */ body { padding-top: 70px; } li a { text-decoration: none !important; } /* Thumbnail only */ .thumb { margin-bottom: 30px; } .thumb:hover a, .thumb:active a, .thumb:focus a { border: 1px solid purple; } /************** For Context menu ***********/ /* context menu */ .context-menu { display: none; position: absolute; z-index: 9999; padding: 12px 0; width: 200px; background-color: #fff; border: solid 1px #dfdfdf; box-shadow: 1px 1px 2px #cfcfcf; } .context-menu--active { display: block; } .context-menu__items { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; } .context-menu__item { display: block; margin-bottom: 4px; } .context-menu__item:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; } .context-menu__link { display: block; padding: 4px 12px; color: #0066aa; text-decoration: none; } .context-menu__link:hover { color: #fff; background-color: #0066aa; } .context-menu__items ul { position: absolute; white-space: nowrap; z-index: 1; left: -99999em;} .context-menu__items > li:hover > ul { left: auto; padding-top: 5px ; min-width: 100%; } .context-menu__items > li li ul { border-left:1px solid #fff;} .context-menu__items > li li:hover > ul { left: 100%; top: -1px; } .context-menu__item ul { background-color: #ffffff; padding: 7px 11px; list-style-type: none; text-decoration: none; margin-left: 40px; } .page-media .context-menu__items ul li { display: block; } /************** For Context menu ***********/ 
 <link href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/> <link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/> <body> <!-- Page Content --> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-12"> <h1 class="page-header">Thumbnail Gallery <small>(Right click to see the context menu)</small></h1> </div> <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-xs-6 thumb"> <a class="thumbnail" href="#"> <img class="img-responsive" src="http://placehold.it/400x300" alt=""> </a> </div> <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-xs-6 thumb"> <a class="thumbnail" href="#"> <img class="img-responsive" src="http://placehold.it/400x300" alt=""> </a> </div> <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-xs-6 thumb"> <a class="thumbnail" href="#"> <img class="img-responsive" src="http://placehold.it/400x300" alt=""> </a> </div> <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-xs-6 thumb"> <a class="thumbnail" href="#"> <img class="img-responsive" src="http://placehold.it/400x300" alt=""> </a> </div> <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-xs-6 thumb"> <a class="thumbnail" href="#"> <img class="img-responsive" src="http://placehold.it/400x300" alt=""> </a> </div> <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-xs-6 thumb"> <a class="thumbnail" href="#"> <img class="img-responsive" src="http://placehold.it/400x300" alt=""> </a> </div> <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-xs-6 thumb"> <a class="thumbnail" href="#"> <img class="img-responsive" src="http://placehold.it/400x300" alt=""> </a> </div> <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-4 col-xs-6 thumb"> <a class="thumbnail" href="#"> <img class="img-responsive" src="http://placehold.it/400x300" alt=""> </a> </div> </div> <hr> </div> <!-- /.container --> <!-- / The Context Menu --> <nav id="context-menu" class="context-menu"> <ul class="context-menu__items"> <li class="context-menu__item"> <a href="#" class="context-menu__link" data-action="Delete This Photo"><i class="fa fa-empire"></i> Delete This Photo</a> </li> <li class="context-menu__item"> <a href="#" class="context-menu__link" data-action="Photo Option 2"><i class="fa fa-envira"></i> Photo Option 2</a> </li> <li class="context-menu__item"> <a href="#" class="context-menu__link" data-action="Photo Option 3"><i class="fa fa-first-order"></i> Photo Option 3</a> </li> <li class="context-menu__item"> <a href="#" class="context-menu__link" data-action="Photo Option 4"><i class="fa fa-gitlab"></i> Photo Option 4</a> </li> <li class="context-menu__item"> <a href="#" class="context-menu__link" data-action="Photo Option 5"><i class="fa fa-ioxhost"></i> Photo Option 5</a> </li> <li class="context-menu__item"> <a href="#" class="context-menu__link"><i class="fa fa-arrow-right"></i> Add Photo to</a> <ul> <li><a href="#!" class="context-menu__link" data-action="album-one"><i class="fa fa-camera-retro"></i> Album One</a></li> <li><a href="#!" class="context-menu__link" data-action="album-two"><i class="fa fa-camera-retro"></i> Album Two</a></li> <li><a href="#!" class="context-menu__link" data-action="album-three"><i class="fa fa-camera-retro"></i> Album Three</a></li> <li><a href="#!" class="context-menu__link" data-action="album-four"><i class="fa fa-camera-retro"></i> Album Four</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> <!-- End # Context Menu --> </body> 

您可以观看本教程: http : //www.youtube.com/watch?v = iDyEfKWCzhg确保上下文菜单首先被隐藏,并且具有绝对位置。 这将确保不会有多个上下文菜单和无用的创build上下文菜单。 该页面的链接放置在YouTubevideo的描述中。

 $(document).bind("contextmenu", function(event){ $("#contextmenu").css({"top": event.pageY + "px", "left": event.pageX + "px"}).show(); }); $(document).bind("click", function(){ $("#contextmenu").hide(); }); 

我知道这个也相当老了。 我最近需要创build一个上下文菜单,根据点击的元素,将其注入到具有不同属性的其他站点中。

这是相当粗糙的,可能有更好的方法来实现这一点。 它使用jQuery上下文菜单库位于这里

我很喜欢创造它,虽然你们可能有一些用处。

这是小提琴 。 我希望它可以帮助那里的人。

 $(function() { function createSomeMenu() { var all_array = '{'; var x = event.clientX, y = event.clientY, elementMouseIsOver = document.elementFromPoint(x, y); if (elementMouseIsOver.closest('a')) { all_array += '"Link-Fold": {"name": "Link", "icon": "fa-external-link", "items": {"fold2-key1": {"name": "Open Site in New Tab"}, "fold2-key2": {"name": "Open Site in Split Tab"}, "fold2-key3": {"name": "Copy URL"}}},'; } if (elementMouseIsOver.closest('img')) { all_array += '"Image-Fold": {"name": "Image","icon": "fa-picture-o","items": {"fold1-key1": {"name":"Download Image"},"fold1-key2": {"name": "Copy Image Location"},"fold1-key3": {"name": "Go To Image"}}},'; } all_array += '"copy": {"name": "Copy","icon": "copy"},"paste": {"name": "Paste","icon": "paste"},"edit": {"name": "Edit HTML","icon": "fa-code"}}'; return JSON.parse(all_array); } // setup context menu $.contextMenu({ selector: 'body', build: function($trigger, e) { return { callback: function(key, options) { var m = "clicked: " + key; console.log(m); }, items: createSomeMenu() }; } }); });