SQL Server：使用sql查询获取表主键

可能重复：
如何列出SQL Server表的主键？

我想要获得一个特定的表的主键使用SQL查询SQL Server数据库。

在MySQL中，我正在使用以下查询来获取表主键：

SHOW KEYS FROM tablename WHERE Key_name = 'PRIMARY' 

SQL Server的上述查询的等价物是什么？

如果有一个查询将同时适用于MySQL和SQL Server，那么这将是一个理想的情况。

Answer 1

我还为SQL Serverfind了另外一个：

 SELECT COLUMN_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE WHERE OBJECTPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID(CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA + '.' + QUOTENAME(CONSTRAINT_NAME)), 'IsPrimaryKey') = 1 AND TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND TABLE_SCHEMA = 'Schema' 

Answer 2

使用SQL SERVER 2005，你可以试试

 SELECT i.name AS IndexName, OBJECT_NAME(ic.OBJECT_ID) AS TableName, COL_NAME(ic.OBJECT_ID,ic.column_id) AS ColumnName FROM sys.indexes AS i INNER JOIN sys.index_columns AS ic ON i.OBJECT_ID = ic.OBJECT_ID AND i.index_id = ic.index_id WHERE i.is_primary_key = 1 

在SQL SERVER – 2005中find – 在数据库中查找具有主键约束的表

Answer 3

find另外一个：

 SELECT KU.table_name as TABLENAME,column_name as PRIMARYKEYCOLUMN FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS AS TC INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE AS KU ON TC.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' AND TC.CONSTRAINT_NAME = KU.CONSTRAINT_NAME AND KU.table_name='yourTableName' ORDER BY KU.TABLE_NAME, KU.ORDINAL_POSITION; 

我已经在SQL Server 2003/2005上testing过了

Answer 4

从记忆来看，这是这个

 SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE type = 'PK' AND object_id = OBJECT_ID ('tableName') 

或这个..

 SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE type = 'PK' AND parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID ('tableName') 

我认为他们中的一个可能应该取决于如何存储数据，但恐怕我没有访问SQL来实际validation相同。

Answer 5

 select * from sysobjects where xtype='pk' and parent_obj in (select id from sysobjects where name='tablename') 

这将在SQL 2005中工作

Answer 6

这应该列出所有的限制，最后你可以把你的filter

 /* CAST IS DONE , SO THAT OUTPUT INTEXT FILE REMAINS WITH SCREEN LIMIT*/ WITH ALL_KEYS_IN_TABLE (CONSTRAINT_NAME,CONSTRAINT_TYPE,PARENT_TABLE_NAME,PARENT_COL_NAME,PARENT_COL_NAME_DATA_TYPE,REFERENCE_TABLE_NAME,REFERENCE_COL_NAME) AS ( SELECT CONSTRAINT_NAME= CAST (PKnUKEY.name AS VARCHAR(30)) , CONSTRAINT_TYPE=CAST (PKnUKEY.type_desc AS VARCHAR(30)) , PARENT_TABLE_NAME=CAST (PKnUTable.name AS VARCHAR(30)) , PARENT_COL_NAME=CAST ( PKnUKEYCol.name AS VARCHAR(30)) , PARENT_COL_NAME_DATA_TYPE= oParentColDtl.DATA_TYPE, REFERENCE_TABLE_NAME='' , REFERENCE_COL_NAME='' FROM sys.key_constraints as PKnUKEY INNER JOIN sys.tables as PKnUTable ON PKnUTable.object_id = PKnUKEY.parent_object_id INNER JOIN sys.index_columns as PKnUColIdx ON PKnUColIdx.object_id = PKnUTable.object_id AND PKnUColIdx.index_id = PKnUKEY.unique_index_id INNER JOIN sys.columns as PKnUKEYCol ON PKnUKEYCol.object_id = PKnUTable.object_id AND PKnUKEYCol.column_id = PKnUColIdx.column_id INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS oParentColDtl ON oParentColDtl.TABLE_NAME=PKnUTable.name AND oParentColDtl.COLUMN_NAME=PKnUKEYCol.name UNION ALL SELECT CONSTRAINT_NAME= CAST (oConstraint.name AS VARCHAR(30)) , CONSTRAINT_TYPE='FK', PARENT_TABLE_NAME=CAST (oParent.name AS VARCHAR(30)) , PARENT_COL_NAME=CAST ( oParentCol.name AS VARCHAR(30)) , PARENT_COL_NAME_DATA_TYPE= oParentColDtl.DATA_TYPE, REFERENCE_TABLE_NAME=CAST ( oReference.name AS VARCHAR(30)) , REFERENCE_COL_NAME=CAST (oReferenceCol.name AS VARCHAR(30)) FROM sys.foreign_key_columns FKC INNER JOIN sys.sysobjects oConstraint ON FKC.constraint_object_id=oConstraint.id INNER JOIN sys.sysobjects oParent ON FKC.parent_object_id=oParent.id INNER JOIN sys.all_columns oParentCol ON FKC.parent_object_id=oParentCol.object_id /* ID of the object to which this column belongs.*/ AND FKC.parent_column_id=oParentCol.column_id/* ID of the column. Is unique within the object.Column IDs might not be sequential.*/ INNER JOIN sys.sysobjects oReference ON FKC.referenced_object_id=oReference.id INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS oParentColDtl ON oParentColDtl.TABLE_NAME=oParent.name AND oParentColDtl.COLUMN_NAME=oParentCol.name INNER JOIN sys.all_columns oReferenceCol ON FKC.referenced_object_id=oReferenceCol.object_id /* ID of the object to which this column belongs.*/ AND FKC.referenced_column_id=oReferenceCol.column_id/* ID of the column. Is unique within the object.Column IDs might not be sequential.*/ ) select * from ALL_KEYS_IN_TABLE where PARENT_TABLE_NAME in ('YOUR_TABLE_NAME') or REFERENCE_TABLE_NAME in ('YOUR_TABLE_NAME') ORDER BY PARENT_TABLE_NAME,CONSTRAINT_NAME; 

有关参考请阅读 – http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqltips/archive/2005/09/16/469136.aspx

Answer 7

 SELECT COLUMN_NAME FROM {DATABASENAME}.INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE WHERE TABLE_NAME LIKE '{TABLENAME}' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME LIKE 'PK%' 

哪里
从你的服务器和你的数据库{DATABASENAME} =
{TABLENAME} =您希望看到主键的表名。

注：input您的数据库名称和表格名称不包含括号。

Answer 8

我给你的代码工作，不仅检索键，而且检索SQL Server中的表中的大量数据。 在SQL Server 2k5 / 2k8testing，不知道约2K。 请享用！

 SELECT DISTINCT sys.tables.object_id AS TableId, sys.columns.column_id AS ColumnId, sys.columns.name AS ColumnName, sys.types.name AS TypeName, sys.columns.precision AS NumericPrecision, sys.columns.scale AS NumericScale, sys.columns.is_nullable AS IsNullable, ( SELECT COUNT(column_name) FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE WHERE TABLE_NAME = sys.tables.name AND CONSTRAINT_NAME = ( SELECT constraint_name FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE TABLE_NAME = sys.tables.name AND constraint_type = 'PRIMARY KEY' AND COLUMN_NAME = sys.columns.name ) ) AS IsPrimaryKey, sys.columns.max_length / 2 AS CharMaxLength /*BUG*/ FROM sys.columns, sys.types, sys.tables WHERE sys.tables.object_id = sys.columns.object_id AND sys.types.system_type_id = sys.columns.system_type_id AND sys.types.user_type_id = sys.columns.user_type_id AND sys.tables.name = 'TABLE' ORDER BY IsPrimaryKey 

你只能使用主键部分，但我认为其余的可能会变得方便。 最好的问候，大卫

Answer 9

请记住，如果你想得到确切的主字段，你需要把TABLE_NAME和TABLE_SCHEMA放入条件中。

这个解决scheme应该工作

 select COLUMN_NAME from information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE where CONSTRAINT_NAME='PRIMARY' AND TABLE_NAME='TABLENAME' AND TABLE_SCHEMA='DATABASENAME' 

Answer 10

它也是（Transact-SQL）…根据BOL。

 -- exec sp_serveroption 'SERVER NAME', 'data access', 'true' --execute once EXEC sp_primarykeys @table_server = N'server_name', @table_name = N'table_name', @table_catalog = N'db_name', @table_schema = N'schema_name'; --frequently 'dbo'