如何使用LocalDateTimeparsing/格式化date? (Java 8)

Java 8添加了一个用于处理date和时间的新API(JSR 310)。

我有date和时间string(例如"2014-04-08 12:30" )。 我如何从给定的string获取LocalDateTime实例?

在完成LocalDateTime对象的处理之后:如何将LocalDateTime实例转换回与上面所示格式相同的string?

分析date和时间

要从string创buildLocalDateTime对象,可以使用静态LocalDateTime.parse()方法。 它接受一个string和一个DateTimeFormatter作为参数。 DateTimeFormatter用于指定date/时间模式。

 String str = "1986-04-08 12:30"; DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm"); LocalDateTime dateTime = LocalDateTime.parse(str, formatter); 

格式化date和时间

要从LocalDateTime对象中创build格式化的string,可以使用format()方法。

 DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm"); LocalDateTime dateTime = LocalDateTime.of(1986, Month.APRIL, 8, 12, 30); String formattedDateTime = dateTime.format(formatter); // "1986-04-08 12:30" 

请注意,在DateTimeFormatter中有一些常用的date/时间格式被预定义为常量。 例如:使用DateTimeFormatter.ISO_DATE_TIME格式化上面的LocalDateTime实例将导致string"1986-04-08T12:30:00"

parse()format()方法可用于所有与date/时间相关的对象(例如LocalDateZonedDateTime

如果String采用ISO-8601格式 ,则也可以在String上使用LocalDate.parse()LocalDateTime.parse() ,而不提供模式。

例如,

 String strDate = "2015-08-04"; LocalDate aLD = LocalDate.parse(strDate); System.out.println("Date: " + aLD); String strDatewithTime = "2015-08-04T10:11:30"; LocalDateTime aLDT = LocalDateTime.parse(strDatewithTime); System.out.println("Date with Time: " + aLDT); 

输出

 Date: 2015-08-04 Date with Time: 2015-08-04T10:11:30 

并且只有在需要处理其他date模式时才使用DateTimeFormatter 。例如, dd MMM uuuu表示月份的date(两位数字),月份名称的三个字母(Jan,Feb,Mar,…) ,还有一个四位数的年份:

 DateTimeFormatter dTF = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("dd MMM uuuu"); String anotherDate = "04 Aug 2015"; LocalDate lds = LocalDate.parse(anotherDate, dTF); System.out.println(anotherDate + " parses to " + lds); 

产量

 04 Aug 2015 parses to 2015-08-04 

还要记住DateTimeFormatter对象是双向的; 它可以parsinginput和格式输出。

 String strDate = "2015-08-04"; LocalDate aLD = LocalDate.parse(strDate); DateTimeFormatter dTF = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("dd MMM uuuu"); System.out.println(aLD + " formats as " + dTF.format(aLD)); 

产量

 2015-08-04 formats as 04 Aug 2015 

(请参阅FormatFor和Parsing DateFormatter的模式的完整列表 )

  Symbol Meaning Presentation Examples ------ ------- ------------ ------- G era text AD; Anno Domini; A u year year 2004; 04 y year-of-era year 2004; 04 D day-of-year number 189 M/L month-of-year number/text 7; 07; Jul; July; J d day-of-month number 10 Q/q quarter-of-year number/text 3; 03; Q3; 3rd quarter Y week-based-year year 1996; 96 w week-of-week-based-year number 27 W week-of-month number 4 E day-of-week text Tue; Tuesday; T e/c localized day-of-week number/text 2; 02; Tue; Tuesday; T F week-of-month number 3 a am-pm-of-day text PM h clock-hour-of-am-pm (1-12) number 12 K hour-of-am-pm (0-11) number 0 k clock-hour-of-am-pm (1-24) number 0 H hour-of-day (0-23) number 0 m minute-of-hour number 30 s second-of-minute number 55 S fraction-of-second fraction 978 A milli-of-day number 1234 n nano-of-second number 987654321 N nano-of-day number 1234000000 V time-zone ID zone-id America/Los_Angeles; Z; -08:30 z time-zone name zone-name Pacific Standard Time; PST O localized zone-offset offset-O GMT+8; GMT+08:00; UTC-08:00; X zone-offset 'Z' for zero offset-X Z; -08; -0830; -08:30; -083015; -08:30:15; x zone-offset offset-x +0000; -08; -0830; -08:30; -083015; -08:30:15; Z zone-offset offset-Z +0000; -0800; -08:00; p pad next pad modifier 1 ' escape for text delimiter '' single quote literal ' [ optional section start ] optional section end # reserved for future use { reserved for future use } reserved for future use 

上面的两个答案很好地解释了关于string模式的问题。 但是,如果您正在使用ISO 8601 ,则无需应用DateTimeFormatter因为LocalDateTime已经为其准备好了:

将LocalDateTime转换为时区ISO8601string

 LocalDateTime ldt = LocalDateTime.now(); ZonedDateTime zdt = ldt.atZone(ZoneOffset.UTC); //you might use a different zone String iso8601 = zdt.toString(); 

从ISO8601string转换回LocalDateTime

 String iso8601 = "2016-02-14T18:32:04.150Z"; ZonedDateTime zdt = ZonedDateTime.parse(iso8601); LocalDateTime ldt = zdt.toLocalDateTime();